Elements DNA
Published research · Longevity

SS-31

Elamipretide

Cell-permeable tetrapeptide studied for selective binding to cardiolipin

6 papers · 2008–2026 · 6 journals

What the research explores

Because it localises to one specific membrane compartment, SS-31 is widely used as a mitochondrial-targeting probe. Published research examines:

  • The binding interaction with cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane
  • Cristae architecture and membrane curvature in isolated mitochondria and cell models
  • Electron transport chain organisation and respiratory supercomplex stability
  • Reactive oxygen species generation measured in mitochondrial preparations
  • Uptake and subcellular distribution of aromatic-cationic peptides

These are areas of active laboratory investigation reported in the scientific literature. Elements DNA makes no representation about therapeutic effect and supplies this compound for in vitro and preclinical research only.

References

A reference list, not evidence. Inclusion means a paper discusses the compound — not that it supports any use, and not that it describes this product.

  1. 2026

    1. Elamipretide Hydrochloride

      American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

      PMID 41206662doi 10.1093/ajhp/zxaf303

    2. Elamipretide: First Approval

      Shirley M

      Drugs

      PMID 41335372doi 10.1007/s40265-025-02269-8

  2. 2025

    1. SS-31@Fer-1 Alleviates ferroptosis in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes via mitochondrial targeting

      Zheng H, Ou J, Han H, et al.

      Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

      PMID 39848110doi 10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117832

  3. 2019

    1. Elamipretide (SS-31) improves mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic and memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice

      Zhao W, Xu Z, Cao J, et al.

      Journal of neuroinflammation

      PMID 31747905doi 10.1186/s12974-019-1627-9

    2. Advances in primary mitochondrial myopathies

      de Barcelos IP, Emmanuele V, Hirano M

      Current opinion in neurology

      PMID 31408013doi 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000743

  4. 2008

    1. Mitochondrial approaches for neuroprotection

      Chaturvedi RK, Beal MF

      Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

      PMID 19076459doi 10.1196/annals.1427.027

More research in longevity

For laboratory and research use only · Not for human or veterinary consumption · Not evaluated by the FDA